Install Arch on OVH Baremetal server

This guide will show you how to install Arch Linux on an OVH VPS.
As you may have noticed, OVH does not have an Arch image, which is a problem. Follow these instructions to install Arch using recovery mode.

Conventions

Assume anything reffered to as low ram vps in the guide to be a VPS with <8gb ram

This guide assumes the following:

• Your VPS has one drive
• The following partition layout is used:

Please follow these instructions carefully. Make sure you understand arch installation and don't blindly copy paste commands. Ignore bootstrap partition if your VPS can fit an arch bootstrap image on tmpfs, which makes it a lot simpler. Assume if your VPS has <8gb ram you need a bootstrap partition

Download arch bootstrap image

You need to download arch bootstrap image to be able to do anything.

tip: change the date to last iso date. see last one at https://mirror.rackspace.com/archlinux/iso/latest/

cd /tmp
wget https://mirror.rackspace.com/archlinux/iso/latest/archlinux-bootstrap-x86_64.tar.gz

tip: the gzipped image itself will fit on tmpfs even on starter vps, so you dont need to do anything special here if you have a smaller vps, but you will have to later

tip: you can use another mirror closer to you, I chose rackspace because it's a global CDN. https://archlinux.org/download/

Wipe the drive

Легше, та набагато швидше це робити з cfdisk

list drives: fdisk -l

tip: choose the biggest drive. The 1GB drive will be the recovery livecd, which we don't want to overwrite.

wipe drive: wipefs -a /dev/sdX

Paritioning

tip: it doesn't make sense to use other partition types than ext4 here really, because OVH likely has RAID on their servers and most features of the other filesystems wont be useful in a virtualized environment

fdisk /dev/sdX

Parition the drive like you would normally. Refer to Archwiki install guide for partitioning tips.
Use GPT disklabel.

tip: remember to set the bios boot partition type to BIOS, by typing t after you make the partition tip: bios partition should be 1mb or more, for safety I made it 500mb

Paritioning: 8gb VPS

Create a Linux filesystem partition spanning the whole drive.

Partitioning: Low ram VPS

This will be tricky, as we need to get the bootstrap image loaded on the drive before we extract it. For this, create your main partition, which will span the entire drive, minus 6 gigabyes.
To make this easier, just say -6G when fdisk asks you for the last sector

Now you need to make another partition, which will span the 6 gigabytes you left free for bootstrap image. Don't worry, you will be able to reclaim the space later. For this, I recommend just selecting fdisk defeaults as it will pick the last sector correctly.

Make ext4 labels:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX10
# Only if using low-ram vps:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX2

Extract bootstrap

8gb VPS

mkdir /bootstrap
mount -t tmpfs tmpfs /bootstrap

Low ram VPS

mkdir /bootstrap
mount /dev/sdX2 /bootstrap

Extracting

cd /bootstrap
tar xzf /tmp/archlinux-bootstrap-x86_64.tar.gz --numeric-owner
mv root.x86_64/* .
rmdir root.x86_64

Mount system

mount /dev/sdX10 /bootstrap/mnt
mkdir /bootstrap/mnt/boot
mount /dev/sdX11 /bootstrap/mnt/boot

Enable a mirror in the bootstrap system

Bootstrap system is very barebones, so we have to do this before chrooting.

# uncomment a mirror, e.g the rackspace one
sed -e /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist 's/"#Server = https:\/\/mirror.rackspace.com"/"Server = https:\/\/mirror.rackspace.com"/

Chroot to bootstrap

/bootstrap/bin/arch-chroot /bootstrap

Initialize pacman cache

pacman-key --init
pacman-key --populate archlinux

tip: this can take a while because of entropy generation.

Pacstrap base system

pacstrap /mnt base linux-lts linux-firmware openssh grub

tip: you can use another kernel, linux-lts is optimal for servers though as you won't make use of new features in a virtual environment anyways

Generate fstab:

genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

Now exit your bootstrap chroot:

exit

Chroot to newly installed system

/bootstrap/bin/arch-chroot /bootstrap/mnt/

Install bootloader

Optional: Configure grub

default config is fine, but you can make it better.

# change GRUB_TIMEOUT= to a lower value for faster boot
sed -e /etc/default/grub 's/GRUB_TIMEOUT=.*/GRUB_TIMEOUT=2/'
# remove everything from GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=, hiding logs is useless and makes debugging harder
sed -e /etc/default/grub 's/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.*/GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""/'

Install grub

pacman -S efibootmgr
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Install grub for no efi

grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Post-Installation

Your Arch is ready by now. But you should do some post-config steps to make it work better

tip: if you lock youself out of the VPs, use the KVM option on the OVH panel to debug

Network

systemctl enable systemd-networkd
cat << EOF > /etc/systemd/network/20-ovh.network
[Match]
Name=en*

[Network]
DHCP=true
EOF

echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf

my version

First copy the example ethernet-static network profile to /etc/netctl/ directory.

cp /etc/netctl/examples/ethernet-static /etc/netctl

Then edit this file.

vim /etc/netctl/ethernet-static

Change this file to the following. You may need to adjust red texts.

Description='A basic static ethernet connection'
Interface=enp1s0
Connection=ethernet
IP=static
Address=('173.242.56.133/20')
Gateway='173.242.48.1'
DNS=('8.8.8.8')

Save and close the file. Next, bring down the ens3 interface.

ip link set dev ens3 down

Now load ethernet-static network profile.

netctl start ethernet-static

You should have Internet connection now.

Update

pacman -Syu

Locale

Uncomment the encoding for English in the relevant file (you would edit locale.gen):

vim /etc/locale.gen

Uncomment the line for en_US.UTF-8.

After this, save the changes and exit nano, then generate the locales:

locale-gen

To enable the English language, execute:

echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf

time

Set up the system clock. For example:

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Nicosia /etc/localtime

The region is set. Now synchronize the hardware clock:

hwclock --systohc

Generate Mirrorlist

pacman -S reflector
reflector --latest 20 --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

This will take a while depending on VPS network speed, as it should test and choose the fastest mirror.

Hostname

echo "archvps" > /etc/hostname

Build the initramfs

mkinitcpio -P

Set root password

passwd

Enable ssh at boot

systemctl enable sshd

Add new user

useradd -m -g users -G wheel,storage,power -s /bin/bash <username>

pacman -S sudo

Edit sudoer file.

Finish

exit
umount /bootstrap/mnt/boot
umount /bootstrap/mnt
umount /bootstrap
exit

Done!

Now go to ovh panel and reboot the VPS. It should boot right into Arch.
If you can't ssh to it, connect using KVM in the OVH panel and debug the issue.